2 edition of Investigations of somatic cell hybridization and of mosaicism found in the catalog.
Investigations of somatic cell hybridization and of mosaicism
Blaine Evan Tolby
Published
1974
in Eugene, Ore
.
Written in
Edition Notes
Bibliography: l. 165-184.
| The Physical Object | |
|---|---|
| Pagination | 184 l. : |
| Number of Pages | 184 |
| ID Numbers | |
| Open Library | OL14738065M |
The phenomenon of mutation‐ containing somatic cells coexisting with normal cells in blood or tissue, known as mosaicism, may affect up to 4% of parents of children with single‐gene disorders, according to research in the August 7 issue of The American Journal of Human Genetics [Campbell et al., ]. As the degree of mosaicism commonly varies between different types of tissue, careful investigations of other tissues in addition to blood are essential for a correct assessment. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of buccal cells is often used, as the FISH method is relatively inexpensive and the sampling of buccal cells is noninvasive.
Somatic mutations that occur in the earliest stages of embryonic development can be present in nearly every cell of the body, while mutations tha t occur in a neural progenitor cell during development might be shared by only a small group of cells in the brain, and mutations that occur in post-mitotic neurons would be present in only a single. These showed somatic CNVs in ~ 30% of cells, with clonality and origins in segmental duplications for some. CNVs had distinct profiles based on cell type, with neurons having a mix of gains and losses, and other cells having almost exclusively gains, although control data sets will be required to determine possible disease relevance.
The chapters in this book are divided into 5 parts, and cover the following topics: principles and approaches for discovery of somatic mosaicism in the brain, aneuploidy and ploidy variation, DNA copy number variation, LINE-1 retrotransposition, and genetic and genomic mosaicism in aging and disease. Mosaicism for trisomy of chromosome 21 has been proposed as a cause of late-onset AD, and somatic mosaicism, with the development of specific disease-associated mutations in neuronal precursor cells, has been postulated as a possible cause of sporadic AD and other neurodegenerative disorders, but to date there has been no evidence for this in.
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It is Only Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) that Reveals Low Grade/Cryptic Mosaicism. Conventional cytogenetic technology, applied routinely in Genetics Service Laboratories for confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of Down syndrome provides only limited information with respect to T21 mosaicism [].In the majority of cases referred for this purpose only cells in metaphase from Cited by: Types.
Different types of mosaicism exist, such as gonadal mosaicism (restricted to the gametes) or somatic mosaicism. Somatic mosaicism. Somatic mosaicism occurs when the somatic cells of the body are of more than one genotype. In the more common mosaics, different genotypes arise from a single fertilized egg cell, due to mitotic errors at first or later cleavages.
Since its discovery in I, the hybridization of somatic cells has evolved from a biological curiosity into an analytical method that today underlies nearly all investigations of the genetic aspects of various biological an eyewitness to this development from its inception forward, Boris Ephrussi here relates the history of somatic hybridization and the formation of its.
Somatic mosaicism also provides insight into mutation timing. To be present in somatic tissues and transmitted to an offspring, mutations must have arisen before the differentiation of the germ cells (see Figure 1 in main text). Mathematical modeling suggests that, because somatically mosaic mutations necessarily occurred earlier, average Cited by: This work shows that iPSCs can be used as a discovery tool for the investigation of genomic mosaicism due to low-frequency CNVs in human tissues.
Reprogramming somatic cells Cited by: Genomic mosaicism can occur in both dividing and non-dividing cells [1]. Mosaicism in embryonic stem cells [49], as well as those in blood [41,42], occurs in proliferating cells leading to the. It is well known that varying degrees of mosaicism for Tris primarily a combination of normal and Trisomy 21 cells within individual tissues, may exist in the human population.
This involves both Trisomy 21 mosaicism occurring in the germ line and Trisomy 21 mosaicism documented in different somatic tissues, or indeed a combination of.
The black and orange spots on a calico cat are examples of genetic mosaicism due to random inactivation of one X chromosome in precursor cells early in development.
Initially, researchers most easily found changes in chromosome number, since they could light up these bodies with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).
Somatic Cell Mosaicism. Mitotic errors at the DNA copying stage can give rise to mutations in human genes. The clinical effect of somatic mosaicism depends on when the mutation arose and in what cell types.
Somatic mutations that occur as early events in development will give rise to a more generalized disease phenotype. The ability of deriving iPSCs from somatic cells has opened exciting new possibilities for the study of human development, human genetic variation and regenerative medicine However, all of these applications require that iPSCs, clonal cell lines each derived from one or just a few somatic cells, stably maintain the genetic background of the individual from whom they are derived.
Various distribution of mutant cells in the human body and different types of mosaicism in particular individuals. In somatic mosaicism (a) mutant cells may appear with different mosaic ratio in patient’ distinct body tissues but not in gonadal mosaicism refers to genetic variation in the genomes of germline cells within an individual it may be recognized in testes (b) and ovaries.
These are termed somatic, and lead to mosaicism, the presence of cells with genetic differences in an organism. Mosaicism in healthy and diseased human brain is increasingly recognised, with evidence for a role in neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions and neurodegeneration [ 23.
Somatic Cell Genetic Disorders. Somatic cell mutation is a natural developmental process in the immune system, but it is also responsible for a significant burden of genetic disease. This includes somatic or germline mosaicism for single-gene disorders [30], as well as mutations that give rise to.
Thus the major part of the book deals with applications of somatic hybridization to mammalian genetics, cell differentiation, and cancer. Originally published in The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton.
Somatic chromosomal mosaicism is defined as the presence of two or more chromosomally distinct cell lines and represents a challenging task not only to detect but also to interpret.
Mosaicism for SNCA gains.a, ed FISH and NeuN IHC images of a neuron (a) and a non-neuronal cell (b) from cingulate cortex showing 3 copies of bar 5 μm. c, % of mosaicism in cingulate cortex, in neurons (c) and non-neurons (d).p values were corrected for 2 comparisons.e, % of mosaicism in the SN in NM+ cells (e) and NM- cells (f).
About this book Introduction The chapters in this book are divided into 5 parts, and cover the following topics: principles and approaches for discovery of somatic mosaicism in the brain, aneuploidy and ploidy variation, DNA copy number variation, LINE-1 retrotransposition, and genetic and genomic mosaicism in aging and disease.
Explore the latest full-text research PDFs, articles, conference papers, preprints and more on GENOMIC DNA ISOLATION. Find methods information, sources, references or conduct a literature review. Somatic mosaicism is the presence of genetically distinct populations of somatic cells within an organism and even within the same tissue.
Somatic rearrangements in various cancer cell types are well documented, and more than 30 Mendelian dis-eases have been associated with somatic mosaicism (13). Somatic. Thus the major part of the book deals with applications of somatic hybridization to mammalian genetics, cell differentiation, and cancer.
Originally published in The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton Author: Boris Ephrussi.
(D) Mutations that occur after differentiation of primordial germ cells (PGCs) will be absent from somatic tissues. Thus, molecular investigations to detect such gonadal mosaicism must involve direct observation of germ cells.
For males, this process is relatively straight forward, but for females it involves invasive biopsy of potentially both.Confined placental mosaicism (CPM) is detected in approximately % of viable pregnancies and has been defined as a dichotomy between the chromosomal constitution of the placental and embryonic/fetal tissues.
An investigation for the presence of trisomy in the germ cells was initiated in cases diagnosed with CPM since we suspect that the stroma of the placenta and the primordial germ cells.The fate of luxury functions in somatic hybrids -- Application of cell hybridization to the study of cancer -- Concluding remarks and postscript.\/span>\"@ en\/a> ; \u00A0\u00A0\u00A0\n schema:description\/a> \" \"Since its discovery in I, the hybridization of somatic cells has evolved from a biological curiosity into an analytical method.
